Freitag, 29.03.2024 00:59 Uhr

Nanotechnology in Italy: the case of 4ward360 Srl

Verantwortlicher Autor: Carlo Marino Rome, 06.05.2021, 15:31 Uhr
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Rome [ENA] Nanotechnology, also shortened to nanotech, is the branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometres, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules. Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications,

such as in nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, biomaterials energy production, and consumer products. The Italian company 4ward360 Srl, whose headquarters are in Milan, is active in the research, development and production of nanotechnological formulas for the protection and preservation of material surfaces. In 2008 the company, after years of academic collaborative programs with the most important university institutes and expert researchers, has introduced the first nanotechnological formulation in the national and international market to give hydro and oil repellent properties to porous surfaces in general. In this way it transformed traditional conservative protective systems.

Its technology has anticipated this trend and today 4ward360 Srl can be proud of many years of experience with products whose performances and references have been tested. And that gives evidence of the quality of its applications. The protective treatments in nanotechnology are developed and recommended for the professional sector: indeed they are the ideal solution for the protection of mineral and durable surfaces. The treatment is carried out through certified applicators present throughout the National and International territory. The protective nanotechnology construction treatments are 100% compatible with sustainable construction because they are free of solvents and harmful chemicals, therefore safe for

health and respectful of the ecosystem. The protective treatment is invisible to the eye: the nanoparticles self-organize with the existing surface, creating a three-dimensional nanoscale pattern, making it totally impervious to external contaminants such as limescale, dirt, smog, mold, graffiti. 4ward360 Srl formulas are protective in nanotechnology, nowadays present in a revolutionary way in the building world and in Conservative Restoration, they offer totally new and advantageous approaches, improving and redeveloping the world of the construction also provides a very valuable help in the field of restoration and conservation of cultural heritage.

The perceptible benefits of nanotechnology applied in construction are mainly appreciated in terms of anti-degrade protection, well-being and living comfort, energy saving, Conservation of Cultural Heritage. It is crucial to take into account the most recent applications of nanotechnology to the conservation and restoration of the world’s cultural heritage. Nanoparticles of humble calcium and magnesium hydroxide and carbonate can be used to restore and protect wall paints and to de-acidify paper and wood. Soft and hard nanostructured materials is considered an emerging field for the next decades. The world of stone has always been fascinating and rich in history.

From the Stone Age where everything was created with it, from the Egyptian pyramids, the Aztecs, the temples, the Roman monuments. And so marbles, granites, tuff, took life to transform into the enormous cultural heritage that makes Italy so unique. Applications of nanotechnology to wall paintings consolidation and paper de-acidification have recently provided clear evidences of the huge potentiality of this emerging science for cultural heritage conservation.Nanodispersions of solids, micelle solutions, gels and microemulsions offer new reliable ways to restore and preserve works of art by merging together the main features and properties of soft-matter and hard-matter systems, allowing the synthesis of systems specifically tailored

for the works of art to fight the deterioration processes which threaten the preservation of the world cultural heritage. In recent years, unfortunately, the degradation processes of this immense heritage have suffered a violent acceleration due to the growing pollution phenomena. Paradoxically, there has been a more ruinous decay in the last 50 years than in previous centuries. So works that have remained in their splendor for thousands of years now show important signs of deterioration. Finding solutions to defend these precious goods from environmental degradation, from the aggression of atmospheric agents, from acid rains, from moss and dirt, is now more than ever a primary necessity.

In recent decades, polymers, mainly acrylic and vinyl resins, which, contrary to expectations, have led to further deterioration of works of art, were used to provide protection and consolidation. The main degradation factors of natural origin are water, temperature variations, electromagnetic radiation and atmospheric gases. Water can contribute to degradation processes, both in the liquid and in the solid or vapor state.Thermal fluctuations – the increase in size that all materials undergo when heated (thermal expansion) or frozen. Atmospheric gases – oxygen, in the presence of suitable synergies (visible and ultraviolet radiation, water, catalysts, such as metal oxides), causes oxidation phenomena of organic materials.

Man’s activity often determines suitable conditions for the development of degradation processes, indeed it is one of the most important factors. Nanotechnological protectors can make an unimaginable contribution to the world of Fine Arts: the formulation has the ability to modify the matter of the substrate, transforming the surface energy from high to low, thus creating a three-dimensional lattice with a powerful repulsive force that rejects any contaminants: water, pollutants, grease, dirt, limescale, etc. providing extraordinary protection. Wood is a material that lives even after cutting, so its beauty and durability are closely linked to environmental conditions: it swells with moisture and heat, while in winter, retreating produces

cracks. Adverse situations can also favor the attack of fungi, molds or insects and lead to a deterioration that compromises not only the appearance but the same functionality of the wood. There are mushrooms for example, which are limited only to stain the wood while others that exert a real destructive action of the cell wall. The 4ward360 technology is aimed at introducing completely new features and features, through the creation of nano materials capable of conferring new properties.

A high surface tension is comparable to a magnet that attracts matter, on the contrary a low surface tension acts repelling it. This new feature has the ability to activate an exceptional repulsive force (comparable to two poles of the same sign that instead of attracting repel) that will prevent dirt and pollutants from fixing themselves to surfaces. Nanotech transform surfaces and contribute to improving the environment .

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